How to protect yourself and your family from seasonal flu this winter

As autumn sets in, flu season begins in homes, schools and workplaces. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), seasonal flu spreads easily when people cough or sneeze, moves quickly through crowded places, and can also be passed on by contaminated hands.

Most people recover within about a week without treatment, but flu can be serious for pregnant women, young children, older people and those with chronic conditions. A few everyday habits help reduce the risk for the whole household.

Steps you can take today

First: wash and dry your hands regularly, especially after coming home from the market, work or public transport, and before preparing food. Teach children to do the same.

Second: cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze, throw it away straight after, and avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth.

Third: ask about the flu vaccine. WHO considers vaccination the best way to prevent flu and recommends it every year for pregnant women, children aged 6 months to 5 years, people over 65, people with chronic conditions and health workers. Talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nearest health centre.

Fourth: if you feel unwell, stay at home so you do not infect others, and limit close contact with vulnerable relatives such as grandparents and babies.

Fifth: with mild symptoms, rest and drink plenty of fluids such as water or warm soup. Ask a pharmacist or doctor how to ease fever and other symptoms.

When to seek medical care

See a doctor or go to the nearest health centre if symptoms are severe, or if the sick person is pregnant, a young child, an older adult, or lives with a chronic illness or weakened immunity, as they may need treatment as early as possible. Seek advice too if a chronic condition worsens or a severe cough persists.

Small habits shared by everyone at home help keep loved ones safer throughout the cold season.